Cellular Immunology Proficiency Testing Program
Lymphoid/Non-lymphoid Functional Assay References
In addition to the references listed below, we suggest consulting the basic protocols found in Current Protocols in Immunology and Current Protocols in Cytometry, published by John Wiley & Sons (2003):
Lymphoid Functional Assay References
- Unit 7.1: Isolation of Mononuclear Cell Populations and Subpopulations
- Unit 7.10: Measurement of Proliferative Responses of Cultured Lymphocytes
- Unit 7.18: Measurement of Cytotoxic Acitvity of NK/LAK Cells
Journal References
Cytokine Production (in vitro protein expression)
Letsch, A. and C. Scheibenbogen. 2003. Quantification and characterization of specific T-cells by antigen-specific cytokine production using ELISPOT assay or intracellular cytokine staining. Methods 31:143-149.
O'Neil-Andersen, N.J., and D.A. Lawrence. 2002. Differential modulation of surface and intracellular protein expression by T cells after stimulation in the presence of monensin or brefeldin A. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 9:243-250.
Pala, P., T. Hussell, and P.J. Openshaw. 2000. Flow cytometric measurement of intracellular cytokines. Journal of Immunological Methods 243:107-124.
Wadhwa, M., R. Thorpe. 1997. Standardization and calibration of cytokine immunoassays: meeting report and recommendations. Cytokine 9:791-793.
Whiteside, T.L. 1994. Cytokine measurements and interpretation of cytokine assays in human disease. Journal of Clinical Immunology 14:327-339.
Lymphocyte Functional Analyses using mRNA
Barth, S., Kleinhappl,B., Gutschi, A., Jelovcan, S., and Marth, E. 2000. In vitro cytokine mRNA expression in normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Inflammation Research 49:266-274.
Fan, J., Nishanian, P., Breen, E.C., McDonald, M., and Fahey, J.L. 1998. Cytokine gene expression in normal human lymphocytes in response to stimulation. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 5:335-340.
Hamalainen, H.K., Tubman, J.C., Vikman, S., Kyrula, T., Ylikoski, E., Warrington, J.A. and Lahesmaa, R. 2001. Identification and validation of endogenous reference genes for expression profiling of T helper cell differentiation by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Analytical Biochemistry 299:63-70.
Hartel, C., Bein, G., Kirchner, H., and Kluter, H. 1999. A human whole-blood assay for analysis of T-cell function by quantification of cytokine mRNA. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology 49:649-654.
Hartel, C., Bein, G., Muller-Steinhardt, M., and Kluter, H. 2001. Ex vivo induction of cytokine mRNA expression in human blood samples. Journal of Immunological Methods 249:63-71.
Housseau, F., Lindsey, K.R., Oberholtzer, S.D., Gonzales, M.I., Boutin, P., Moorthy, A.K., Shankara, S., Roberts, B.L., and Topalian, S.L. 2002. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR as a method for monitoring T lymphocyte reactivity to full-length tyrosinase protein in vaccinated melanoma patients. Journal of Immunological Methods 266:87-103.
Stordeur, P., Poulin, L.F., Craciun, L., Zhou, L., Schandene, L., de Lavareille, A., Goriely, S., and Goldman, M. 2002. Cytokine mRNA quantification by real-time PCR. Journal of Immunological Methods 259:55-64.
Stordeur, P., Zhou, L., Byl, B., Brohet, F., Burny, W., de Groote, D., van der Poll, T., and Goldman, M. 2003. Immune monitoring in whole blood using real-time PCR. Journal of Immunological Methods 276:69-77.
Sullivan, K.E., Cutilli, J., Piliero, L.M., Ghavimi-Alagha, D., Starr, S.E., Campbell, D.E. and Douglas, S.D. 2000. Measurement of cytokine secretion, intracellular protein expression and mRNA in resting and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 7:920-924.
Zhou, L., Toungouz, M., Donckier,V., Andrien, M., Troisi, R., de Hemptinne, B., Le Moine, A., Dupont, E., Goldman, M., and Stordeur, P. 2005. A rapid test to monitor alloreactive responses in whole blood using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Transplantation 80:410-413.
Lymphocyte Proliferation
Bleesing, J. J. H., and T. A. Fleisher. 2001. Cell function-based flow cytometry. Seminars in Hematology 38:169-178.
Bocchieri, M. H., M. A. Talle, L. M. Maltese, I. R. Ragucci, C.-C. Hwang, and G. Goldstein. 1995. Whole blood culture for measuring mitogen induced T cell proliferation provides superior correlations with disease state and T cell phenotype in asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects. Journal of Immunological Methods 181:233-243.
Froebel, K.S., N.G. Pakker, F. Aiuti, M. Bofill, H. Choremi-Papdopoulou, J. Economidou, C. Rabian, M.T.L. Roos, L.P. Ryder, F. Miederma, G.M.Raab. 1999. Standardisation and quality assurance of lymphoycte proliferation assays for use in the assessment of immune function. Journal of Immunological Methods 227:85-97.
Hutchinson, P., L. A. Divola, and S. R. Holdsworth. 1999. Mitogen-induced CD69 T-cell expression is a less sensitive measure of T-cell function than [3H]-thymidine uptake. Cytometry (Communications in Clinical Cytometry) 38:244-249.
Messele, T., M. T. L. Roos, D. Hamann, M. Koot, A. L. Fontanet, F. Miedema, P. T. A. Schellekens, and T. F. R. d. Wit. 2000. Nonradioactive techniques for measurement of in vitro T-cell proliferation: alternatives to the [3H]thymidine incorporation assay. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 7:687-692.
Weinberg, A. R.A. Betensky, L. Zhang and G. Ray 1998. Effect of shipment, storage, anticoagulant, and cell separation on lymphocyte proliferation assays for human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 5:804-807.
Natural Killer Cell Function
Bromelow, K.V., J. Galea-Lauri, M.E. O'Brien and B.E. Souberbielle. 1998. A highly sensitive whole blood natural killer cell assay. Journal of Immunological Methods 217:177-184.
Godoy-Ramirez, K., K. Franck, and H. Gaines. 2000. A novel method for the simultaneous assessment of natural killer cell conjugate formation and cytotoxicity at the single-cell level by multi-parameter flow cytometry. Journal of Immunological Methods 239:35-44.
Son, B.K., R.L. Roberts, B.J. Ank and E.R. Stiehm. 1996. Effects of anticoagulant, serum, and temperature on the natural killer cell activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stored overnight. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 3:260-264.
Whiteside, T.L., J. Bryant, R. Day and R.B. Herberman. 1990. Natural killer cytotoxicity in the diagnosis of immune dysfunction: criteria for a reproducible assay. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis 4: 102-114.
Non-lymphoid Functional Assay References
- Unit 7.23: Nitroblue Tetrazolium Slide Test
- Unit 9.19: Assessment of Phagocyte Functions by Flow Cytometry
Journal References:
General References
Eeden, S.V. et al.. 1999. The use of flow cytometry to measure neutrophil function. Journal of Immunological Methods 232:23-43.
Egger, G.. 1997. Changes in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte function of blood samples induced by storage time, temperature and agitation. Journal of Immunological Methods 206:61-71.
Kuijpers, T., R. Weening and D. Roos.. 1999. Clinical and laboratory work-up of patients with neutrophil shortage or dysfunction. Journal of Immunological Methods 232:211-229.
Chemiluminescence
Dahlgren, C. and A. Karlsson.. 1999. Respiratory burst in human neutrophils. Journal of Immunological Methods 232:3-14.
Ginsburg, I. et al.. 1993. Chemiluminescence in activated human neutrophils: role of buffers and scavengers. Inflammation 17:227-243.
Chemotaxis
Wilkinson, P.C.. 1998. Assays of leukocyte locomotion and chemotaxis. Journal of Immunological Methods 216:139-153.
Degranulation
Sorenson, O. and N. Borregaard. 1999. Methods for quantification of human neutrophil proteins, a survey. Journal of Immunological Methods 232:179-190.
Phagocytosis
Bassoe, C.F., I. Smith, S. Sornes, A. Halstesen, and A.K. Lehmann.. 2000. Concurrent measurement of antigen- and antibody-dependent oxidative burst and phagocytosis in monocytes and neutrophils. Methods 21:203-220.
Busetto, S., et al.. 2004. A single step, sensitive flow cytofluormetric assay for the simultaneous assessment of membrane-bound and ingested Candida albicans in phagocytosing neutrophils. Cytometry Part A 58A:201-204.
Gaforio, J.J., et al.. 2002. Use of SYTOX green dye in the flow cytometric analysis of bacterial phagocytosis. Cytometry 48:93-96.
Hampton, M. and C. Winterbourn. 1999. Methods for quantifying phagocytosis and bacterial killing by human neutrophils. Journal of Immunological Methods 232:15-22.
Lehmann, A.K., S. Sornes, and A. Halstensen. 2000. Phagocytosis: Measurement by Flow Cytometry. Journal of Immunological Methods 243:229-242.
Perticarari, S., G. Presani, and E. Banfi.. 1994. A new flow cytometric assay for the evaluation of phagocytosis and the oxidative burst in whole blood. Journal of Immunological Methods 170:117-124.
Oxidative Burst
O'Gorman, M.R.G. and V. Corrochano.. 1995. Rapid whole-blood flow cytometry assay for diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 2:227-232.
Vowells, S.J., S. Sekhsaria, H.L. Malech, M. Shalit, T.A. Fleisher. 1995. Flow Cytometric Analysis of the Granulocyte Respiratory Burst: a Comparison Study of Fluorescent probes. Journal of Immunological Methods 178:89-97.
Vuorte, J., S.E. Jansson, and H. Repo. 2001. Evaluation of red blood cell lysing solutions in the study of neutrophil oxidative burst by the DCFH assay. Cytometry 43:290-296.
Walrand, S., S. Valeix, C. Rodriguez, P. Ligot, J. Chassagne, and M. P. Vasson. 2003. Flow cytometry study of polymorphonuclear neutrophil oxidative burst: a comparison of three fluorescent probes. Clin Chim Acta 331:103-110.