Virology - Laboratory Services

Upper respiratory tract disease with fever, nasal congestion, and sore throat with cough. Some serotypes can cause gastroenteritis with diarrhea, vomiting and fever, while others can cause conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis.

Fever or more severe disease, including infection of the brain (encephalitis) or the lining around the brain and spinal cord (meningitis).

Generally asymptomatic, but after an incubation period of 3–7 days a febrile illness may develop, and central nervous system involvement may lead to encephalitis or meningoencephalitis

Most common symptoms of infection are fever and joint pain. Other symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, or rash.

Mild upper respiratory disease or flu-like illness with fever and muscle aches; rash illness (hand, foot and mouth disease); encephalitis; herpangina (Coxsackie A); pleurodynia (Coxsackie B)

Often asymptomatic; mild mononucleosis-like illness with fever and malaise; multiple organ disease (immunosuppressed patients); retinitis and polyradiculomyelopathy (AIDS patients); cytomegalic inclusion disease (fetus or transplanted tissues and organs); encephalitis. Infection results in latency. Periodic reactivation with disease is usually only seen in immunosuppressed patients.

Symptoms can be mild or severe. Symptoms of dengue can be confused with other illnesses that cause fever, aches and pains, or a rash. There are 4 serotypes and after the first dengue infection subsequent infections can lead to more severe illness.

Extremely rare but serious and often fatal infection that causes encephalitis or inflammation of the brain. Some cases may be asymptomatic.

Mild upper respiratory disease or flu-like illness with fever and muscle aches; rash illness (hand, foot and mouth disease); fever and muscle aches, followed by paralysis (polio virus); herpangina (Coxsackie A); pleurolynia (Coxsackie B) and encephalitis

Also known as human herpesvirus 4, is a member of the herpes virus family. EBV can cause infectious mononucleosis, also called mono, and other illnesses.

The Virology Laboratory no longer offers testing for Hantavirus. Please contact Diagnostic Immunology for information on forwarding specimens to the CDC.

Patients infected with Heartland virus experience fever, fatigue (feeling tired), decreased appetite, headache, nausea, diarrhea, and muscle or joint pain.

Vesicular disease characterized by lesions in or around the mouth or genital region; fever and malaise; encephalitis. Infection results in latency with periodic reactivation.

Set of two closely related herpes viruses known as HHV-6A and HHV-6B. HHV-6B infects nearly 100% of human beings, typically before the age of three and often results in fever, diarrhea, sometimes with a rash known as roseola. In rare cases encephalitis occurs. Little is known about the prevalence of HHV-6A. Infection results in latency with periodic reactivation.

Acute upper and/or lower respiratory tract infection with fever and cough. More severe in infants and young children, most likely presenting as bronchiolitis or pneumonia. May cause secondary bacterial infection and is difficult to distinguish from RSV and other respiratory viral infections in children.

Lower respiratory disease characterized by sudden onset of fever and malaise; possible secondary bacterial infections and encephalitis

Highly contagious upper respiratory disease characterized by a maculopapular rash, fever, cough, or conjunctivitis; encephalitis

Acute and painful enlargement of the parotid salivary glands with slight/moderate fever. Most common complications include meningitis and orchitis

Acute respiratory tract disease with slight fever, malaise, cough, and hoarseness. Most common cause of croup. May cause bronchiolitis and pneumonia.

Erythema infectiosum (EI), or fifth disease that typically appears as a mild rash illness with possible low fever, headache, malaise, and muscle pain. Rash characteristic of "slapped cheek" appearance with lace-like eruption on trunk and extremities. Can cause non-immune hydrops fetalis and spontaneous abortion.

Can cause symptoms ranging from mild flu-like symptoms to life threatening encephalitis (inflammation of the brain).

Acute respiratory tract infection with fever, cough, runny nose, and fatigue. Usually presents in infants and young children as either bronchiolitis or pneumonia.

Most frequent cause of the common cold, with symptoms of low-grade fever, headache, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, and cough. Secondary bacterial infections can occur.

Acute gastroenteritis with high-grade fever, diarrhea, and vomiting

Mild disease presenting with rash, fever, joint pain, and swollen lymph nodes. Congenital infection may result in spontaneous abortion or severe malformation.

COVID-19

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) characterized by high fever, headache, and body aches; atypical pneumonia; severe respiratory disease that is often fatal

Extremely rare but serious and often fatal infection that causes encephalitis or inflammation of the brain.

Chickenpox (Varicella): Primary infection-highly contagious systemic infection presenting with fever and an itchy, generalized vesicular rash. Secondary staphylococcal and streptococcal skin infections can occur. Shingles (Zoster): Reactivation of latent VZV- painful vesicular rash, usually limited to one dermatome, most common on the thorax, neck, and face. Post-herpetic neuralgia. Encephalitis can also occur.

WNV may cause a mild illness but may also cause encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) or meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord).

Fever, chills, headache, backache, and muscle aches. In rare cases people develop serious illness that can lead to bleeding, shock, organ failure, and sometimes death.

For most people it is a mild infection with few or no symptoms. However, it has been linked to health problems in some people. It is a serious concern for pregnant women, their partners and couples planning a pregnancy because it can cause serious birth defects. Zika is not spread from person to person by casual contact.